--- title: As a banana ripens, starch turns into sugar and the skin browns; rip… — Browning apples, rotting and mould · tree and pragmatics description: As a banana ripens, starch turns into sugar and the skin browns; ripening is controlled by a gas called ethylene that fruit gives off, so fruit in a bowl ripens together, and hard fruit shut in a bag with a ripe banana ripens faster. Who acts: banana, starch, gas, fruit. A sentence of the lesson «Br --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/23-browning-apples-rotting-and-mould/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Chemistry](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/) / [Browning apples, rotting and mould](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/23-browning-apples-rotting-and-mould/) / 10 # Browning apples, rotting and mould, sentence 10 As a banana ripens, starch turns into sugar and the skin browns; ripening is controlled by a gas called ethylene that fruit gives off, so fruit in a bowl ripens together, and hard fruit shut in a bag with a ripe banana ripens faster. **Who acts:** banana, starch, gas, fruit, hard fruit · **What happens:** ripen, turn, control, call, give off, shut · **To what, where:** sugar, ripening, ethylene, gas, hard fruit, bag · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Browning apples, rotting and mould» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (banana, starch, gas, fruit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:chemistry:023-browning-apples-rotting-and-mould.lesson:10 # text = As a banana ripens, starch turns into sugar and the skin browns; ripening is controlled by a gas called ethylene that fruit gives off, so fruit in a bowl ripens together, and hard fruit shut in a bag with a ripe banana ripens faster. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = chemistry # lesson = 023-browning-apples-rotting-and-mould.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 As as SCONJ IN _ 4 mark _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 banana banana NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 ripens ripen VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 advcl _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 6 starch starch NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 7 turns turn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 into into ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 sugar sugar NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 browns brown NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 conj _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 15 ripening ripen NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj:pass _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=17:nsubj:pass|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 16 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 aux:pass _ _ 17 controlled control VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:conj 18 by by ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 gas gas NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 21 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 20 acl _ _ 22 ethylene ethylene NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 xcomp _ _ 23 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 25 obj _ _ 24 fruit fruit NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 25 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:acl:relcl 26 off off ADP RP _ 25 compound:prt _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 28 so so CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=25:cc 29 fruit fruit NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 bowl bowl NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nmod _ _ 33 ripens ripen VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 conj _ _ 34 together together ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=39:punct 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=33:cc 37 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod _ _ 38 fruit fruit NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 nsubj _ _ 39 shut shut VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 38 acl _ _ 40 in in ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 bag bag NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=39:nmod 43 with with ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 44 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 45 ripe ripe ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 46 amod _ _ 46 banana banana NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nmod _ _ 47 ripens ripen VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 conj _ _ 48 faster fast ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 47 advmod _ _ 49 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **ripen** | present | a banana | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **turn** | present | starch | | | sugar and the skin browns | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into sugar=Trajectory | | 3 | **control** | present · passive | a gas | ripening | | | | | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | | 4 | **call** | participle | a gas *not said here* | ethylene | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **give off** | present | fruit | a gas | | | | | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source that=Theme | | 6 | **ripen** | present | fruit in a bowl | | | | | together *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 7 | **shut** | participle | | hard fruit *not said here* | | a bag with a ripe banana | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 8 | **ripen** | present | hard fruit | | | | | fast *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chemistry:023-browning-apples-rotting-and-mould.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Browning apples, rotting and mould, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/23-browning-apples-rotting-and-mould/9/) - next →: [Browning apples, rotting and mould, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/23-browning-apples-rotting-and-mould/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/23-browning-apples-rotting-and-mould/)