--- title: Lightning striking sand can melt it into glass tubes called fulgurit… — Glass and pottery · tree and pragmatics description: Lightning striking sand can melt it into glass tubes called fulgurites; volcanoes make a natural black glass called obsidian. Who acts: Lightning, glass tubes, volcanoes, natural black glass. A sentence of the lesson «Glass and pottery» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school with its depen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/30-glass-and-pottery/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Chemistry](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/) / [Glass and pottery](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/30-glass-and-pottery/) / 11 # Glass and pottery, sentence 11 Lightning striking sand can melt it into glass tubes called fulgurites; volcanoes make a natural black glass called obsidian. **Who acts:** Lightning, glass tubes, volcanoes, natural black glass · **What happens:** strike, melt, call, make · **To what, where:** sand, glass tubes, fulgurites, natural black glass, obsidian · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Glass and pottery» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lightning, glass tubes, volcanoes, natural black glass), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:chemistry:030-glass-and-pottery.lesson:11 # text = Lightning striking sand can melt it into glass tubes called fulgurites; volcanoes make a natural black glass called obsidian. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = chemistry # lesson = 030-glass-and-pottery.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Lightning lightning NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 2 striking strike VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=1:acl 3 sand sand NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:obj 4 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 5 melt melt VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obj _ _ 7 into into ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 glass glass NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 compound _ _ 9 tubes tube NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 10 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 acl _ _ 11 fulgurites fulgurite NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 xcomp _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=5:punct 13 volcanoes volcano NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 14 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 16 natural natural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 17 black black ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 glass glass NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 19 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 18 acl _ _ 20 obsidian obsidian NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 xcomp _ _ 21 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **strike** | gerund | | | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **melt** | can | Lightning | sand | | glass tubes | | | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent it=Material into tube=Product | | 3 | **call** | participle | glass tubes *not said here* | fulgurites | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **make** | present | volcanoes | a natural black glass | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset glass=Product | | 5 | **call** | participle | a natural black glass *not said here* | obsidian | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chemistry:030-glass-and-pottery.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Glass and pottery, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/30-glass-and-pottery/10/) - next →: [Glass and pottery, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/30-glass-and-pottery/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/30-glass-and-pottery/)