--- title: Car side and back windows are toughened to crumble into small blunt… — Glass and pottery · tree and pragmatics description: Car side and back windows are toughened to crumble into small blunt pieces; the windscreen has a layer of plastic inside, so it cracks but holds together. Who acts: windscreen. A sentence of the lesson «Glass and pottery» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/30-glass-and-pottery/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Chemistry](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/) / [Glass and pottery](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/30-glass-and-pottery/) / 14 # Glass and pottery, sentence 14 Car side and back windows are toughened to crumble into small blunt pieces; the windscreen has a layer of plastic inside, so it cracks but holds together. **Who acts:** windscreen · **What happens:** toughen, crumble, have, crack, hold together · **To what, where:** side windows, small blunt pieces, layer This is a sentence of the lesson «Glass and pottery» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (windscreen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:chemistry:030-glass-and-pottery.lesson:14 # text = Car side and back windows are toughened to crumble into small blunt pieces; the windscreen has a layer of plastic inside, so it cracks but holds together. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = chemistry # lesson = 030-glass-and-pottery.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Car car NOUN NN _ 2 compound _ _ 2 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 3 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 4 back back NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 5 windows window NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 6 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux:pass _ _ 7 toughened toughen VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 8 to to PART TO _ 9 mark _ _ 9 crumble crumble VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:xcomp 10 into into ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 11 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 12 blunt blunt ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 pieces piece NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 windscreen windscreen NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 17 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:conj 18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 layer layer NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 20 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 plastic plastic NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nmod _ _ 22 inside inside ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 so so ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 25 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 26 cracks crack VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 27 but but CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 28 holds hold VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 conj _ _ 29 together together ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **toughen** | present · passive | | side windows | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **crumble** | to-infinitive | | | | | | into small blunt pieces *result* | vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into piece=Result | | 3 | **have** | present | the windscreen | a layer of plastic | | | | inside *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent layer=Patient | | 4 | **crack** | present | windscreen | | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **hold together** | present | windscreen *not said here* | | | | | together *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chemistry:030-glass-and-pottery.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Glass and pottery, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/30-glass-and-pottery/13/) - next →: [Glass and pottery, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/30-glass-and-pottery/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/30-glass-and-pottery/)