---
title: Food scraps can be composted: microbes break them down into compost,… — Recycling: giving materials a second life · tree and pragmatics
description: Food scraps can be composted: microbes break them down into compost, which feeds plants. Who acts: microbes, compost. A sentence of the lesson «Recycling: giving materials a second life» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Recycling: giving materials a second life, sentence 11

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Food scraps can be composted: microbes break them down into compost, which feeds plants.

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**Who acts:** microbes, compost · **What happens:** compost, break down, feed · **To what, where:** Food scraps, scraps, compost, plants

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Recycling: giving materials a second life» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (microbes, compost), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:chemistry:032-recycling-second-life.lesson:11
# text = Food scraps can be composted: microbes break them down into compost, which feeds plants.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = chemistry
# lesson = 032-recycling-second-life.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	scraps	scrap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	composted	compost	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	microbes	microbe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	break	break	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	down	down	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
11	into	into	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	compost	compost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	feeds	feed	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
16	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compost** | can · passive |  | Food scraps |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **break down** | present | microbes | scraps *= scrap* |  |  |  | into compost *result* | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent they=Patient into compost=Result |
| 3 | **feed** | present | compost | plants |  |  |  |  | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chemistry:032-recycling-second-life.lesson:11`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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