---
title: High on a mountain the air is thinner, so each breath holds less oxy… — The air we breathe · tree and pragmatics
description: High on a mountain the air is thinner, so each breath holds less oxygen; climbers on the highest mountains often carry oxygen tanks. Who acts: air, breath, climbers. A sentence of the lesson «The air we breathe» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# The air we breathe, sentence 11

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High on a mountain the air is thinner, so each breath holds less oxygen; climbers on the highest mountains often carry oxygen tanks.

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**Who acts:** air, breath, climbers · **What happens:** be, hold, carry · **To what, where:** less oxygen, oxygen tanks

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The air we breathe» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (air, breath, climbers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:chemistry:033-the-air-we-breathe.lesson:11
# text = High on a mountain the air is thinner, so each breath holds less oxygen; climbers on the highest mountains often carry oxygen tanks.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = chemistry
# lesson = 033-the-air-we-breathe.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	High	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:amod
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:obl
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	thinner	thin	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
14	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	15	amod	_	_
15	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	climbers	climber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	highest	high	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	21	amod	_	_
21	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	_
22	often	often	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	carry	carry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
24	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	tanks	tank	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the air |  |  |  |  | thin *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold** | present | each breath | less oxygen |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oxygen=Theme |
| 3 | **carry** | present | climbers on the highest mountains | oxygen tanks |  |  |  | often *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tank=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chemistry:033-the-air-we-breathe.lesson:11`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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