--- title: Glass is a solid with jumbled particles; the idea that old windows a… — Solids, liquids and gases · tree and pragmatics description: Glass is a solid with jumbled particles; the idea that old windows are thick at the bottom because glass flows is a myth: old panes were simply made uneven, and some are thicker at the top. Who acts: Glass, old windows, idea, some. A sentence of the lesson «Solids, liquids and gases» of the chemistr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/4-solids-liquids-and-gases/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Chemistry](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/) / [Solids, liquids and gases](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/4-solids-liquids-and-gases/) / 18 # Solids, liquids and gases, sentence 18 Glass is a solid with jumbled particles; the idea that old windows are thick at the bottom because glass flows is a myth: old panes were simply made uneven, and some are thicker at the top. **Who acts:** Glass, old windows, idea, some · **What happens:** be, jumble, flow, make · **To what, where:** idea, bottom, myth, old panes, top This is a sentence of the lesson «Solids, liquids and gases» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Glass, old windows, idea, some), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:chemistry:004-solids-liquids-and-gases.lesson:18 # text = Glass is a solid with jumbled particles; the idea that old windows are thick at the bottom because glass flows is a myth: old panes were simply made uneven, and some are thicker at the top. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = chemistry # lesson = 004-solids-liquids-and-gases.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Glass glass NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:nsubj|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 solid solid ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 5 with with ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 jumbled jumble VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 amod _ _ 7 particles particle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 8 ; ; PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 idea idea NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 11 that that SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 12 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 windows window NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 14 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 15 thick thick ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 acl _ _ 16 at at ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 bottom bottom NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 19 because because SCONJ IN _ 21 mark _ _ 20 glass glass NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 21 flows flow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 advcl _ _ 22 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 cop _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 myth myth NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ _ 25 : : PUNCT : _ 30 punct _ _ 26 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 panes pane NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj:pass _ _ 28 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 aux:pass _ _ 29 simply simply ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 30 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 parataxis _ _ 31 uneven uneven ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 xcomp _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 34 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 36 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=36:det 35 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 cop _ _ 36 thicker thick ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 4 parataxis _ _ 37 at at ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 top top NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Glass | | | | | with jumbled particles; solid *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **jumble** | participle | | | | | | | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **is** | present | old windows | the idea *not said here* | | the bottom | | thick *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **flow** | present | glass | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **is a** | present | the idea | a myth | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **make** | past · passive | | old panes | | | | simply, uneven *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | | 7 | **is** | present | some | | | the top | | thick *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chemistry:004-solids-liquids-and-gases.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Solids, liquids and gases, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/4-solids-liquids-and-gases/17/) - next →: [Melting, freezing, boiling and condens…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/4-solids-liquids-and-gases/)