--- title: Heat makes particles shake harder until they break free: ice melts,… — Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing · tree and pragmatics description: Heat makes particles shake harder until they break free: ice melts, and water evaporates or boils; cooling slows them so they stick together again. Who acts: Heat, particles, ice, water. A sentence of the lesson «Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary sc --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Chemistry](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/) / [Melting, freezing, boiling and condens…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/) / 1 # Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing, sentence 1 Heat makes particles shake harder until they break free: ice melts, and water evaporates or boils; cooling slows them so they stick together again. **Who acts:** Heat, particles, ice, water, cooling · **What happens:** make, shake, break, melt, evaporate, boil · **To what, where:** particles, ice This is a sentence of the lesson «Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Heat, particles, ice, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:chemistry:005-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing.lesson:1 # text = Heat makes particles shake harder until they break free: ice melts, and water evaporates or boils; cooling slows them so they stick together again. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = chemistry # lesson = 005-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 Heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 particles particle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 4 shake shake VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 xcomp _ _ 5 harder hard ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 4 xcomp _ _ 6 until until SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 7 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ _ 8 break break VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:advcl 9 free free ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 xcomp _ _ 10 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 11 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 12 melts melt VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 15 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 16 evaporates evaporate VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ _ 17 or or CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 boils boil VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT : _ 21 punct _ _ 20 cooling cooling NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 21 slows slow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 22 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 obj _ _ 23 so so SCONJ IN _ 25 mark _ _ 24 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 25 stick stick VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 advcl _ _ 26 together together ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 27 again again ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present | Heat | particles | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **shake** | infinitive | particles *not said here* | | | | | hard *property* | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **break** | present | particles *= particle* | | | | | free *property* | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **melt** | present | ice | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **evaporate** | present | water | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 6 | **boil** | present | water *not said here* | | | | | | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 7 | **slow** | present | cooling | ice | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient | | 8 | **stick together** | present | ice | | | | again | together *property* | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chemistry:005-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Melting, freezing, boiling and condens…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/0/) - next →: [Melting, freezing, boiling and condens…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/)