--- title: Salt makes ice melt below 0 °C, because salty water freezes at a low… — Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing · tree and pragmatics description: Salt makes ice melt below 0 °C, because salty water freezes at a lower temperature; it stops working well in very hard frost. Who acts: Salt, 0, salty water, Water. A sentence of the lesson «Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school with its dependen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Chemistry](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/) / [Melting, freezing, boiling and condens…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/) / 15 # Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing, sentence 15 Salt makes ice melt below 0 °C, because salty water freezes at a lower temperature; it stops working well in very hard frost. **Who acts:** Salt, 0, salty water, Water · **What happens:** make, melt, freeze, stop, work · **To what, where:** 0, ice, lower temperature This is a sentence of the lesson «Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Salt, 0, salty water, Water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:chemistry:005-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing.lesson:15 # text = Salt makes ice melt below 0 °C, because salty water freezes at a lower temperature; it stops working well in very hard frost. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = chemistry # lesson = 005-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Salt salt NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:nsubj|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 2 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 4 melt melt VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 xcomp _ _ 5 below below ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 0 0 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 2 obl _ _ 7 ° ° NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 6 list _ _ 8 C c NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod:unmarked _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 10 because because SCONJ IN _ 13 mark _ _ 11 salty salty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 13 freezes freeze VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 14 at at ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 lower low ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 17 amod _ _ 17 temperature temperature NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 19 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 stops stop VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 21 working work VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 20 xcomp _ _ 22 well well ADV RB Degree=Pos 21 advmod _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 very very ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 25 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 frost frost NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present | Salt | 0 | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **melt** | infinitive | 0 *not said here* | ice | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient ice=Result | | 3 | **freeze** | present | salty water | | | a lower temperature | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **stop** | present | Water | | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | | 5 | **work** | gerund | Water *not said here* | | | | | in hard frost; well *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in frost=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chemistry:005-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Melting, freezing, boiling and condens…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/14/) - next →: [Melting, freezing, boiling and condens…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/5-melting-freezing-boiling-condensing/)