--- title: bāibāi («bye-bye», high and level) is borrowed from English and is v… — Hello and goodbye: the first words at the gate · tree and pragmatics description: bāibāi («bye-bye», high and level) is borrowed from English and is very common in Chinese families in Britain; to a grandparent or teacher zàijiàn is safer. A sentence of the lesson «Hello and goodbye: the first words at the gate» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school with its depend --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/1-hello-and-goodbye-at-the-gate/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Chinese street](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/) / [Hello and goodbye: the first words at…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/1-hello-and-goodbye-at-the-gate/) / 14 # Hello and goodbye: the first words at the gate, sentence 14 bāibāi («bye-bye», high and level) is borrowed from English and is very common in Chinese families in Britain; to a grandparent or teacher zàijiàn is safer. **What happens:** borrow, be · **To what, where:** bāibāi, English, Chinese families This is a sentence of the lesson «Hello and goodbye: the first words at the gate» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:chinese-street:001-hello-and-goodbye-at-the-gate.lesson:14 # text = bāibāi («bye-bye», high and level) is borrowed from English and is very common in Chinese families in Britain; to a grandparent or teacher zàijiàn is safer. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = chinese-street # lesson = 001-hello-and-goodbye-at-the-gate.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×3, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 bāibāi bāibāi X FW Foreign=Yes 14 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 6 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=1:punct 3 « « PUNCT `` _ 6 punct _ _ 4 bye bye NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 5 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 6 punct _ _ 6 bye bye NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 appos _ _ 7 » » PUNCT '' _ 6 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=1:punct 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 high high ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 1 conj _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=9:cc 11 level level ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 conj _ _ 12 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 1 punct _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux:pass _ _ 14 borrowed borrow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 15 from from ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=14:cc 18 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 cop _ _ 19 very very ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 20 common common ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 conj _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 Chinese Chinese ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 families family NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obl _ _ 24 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 Britain Britain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 nmod _ _ 26 ; ; PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 27 to to ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 grandparent grandparent NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=34:nsubj 30 or or CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=29:cc 31 teacher teacher NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 compound _ _ 32 zàijiàn zàijiàn NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj _ _ 33 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 cop _ _ 34 safer safe ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 14 conj _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **borrow** | present · passive | | bāibāi | | English | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme from english=Source | | 2 | **is** | present | | | | Chinese families in Britain | | common *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **is** | present | | | | | | to a grandparent or teacher zàijiàn; safe *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chinese-street:001-hello-and-goodbye-at-the-gate.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×3, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Hello and goodbye: the first words at…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/1-hello-and-goodbye-at-the-gate/13/) - next →: [Hello and goodbye: the first words at…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/1-hello-and-goodbye-at-the-gate/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/1-hello-and-goodbye-at-the-gate/)