---
title: "jiǎo" (dipping) means foot; "wǒ de jiǎo téng" is "my foot hurts"; j… — The body · tree and pragmatics
description: "jiǎo" (dipping) means foot; "wǒ de jiǎo téng" is "my foot hurts"; jiǎozi are dumplings and jiào is "to be called". Who acts: jiǎo, foot, jiǎozi. A sentence of the lesson «The body» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The body, sentence 12

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"jiǎo" (dipping) means foot; "wǒ de jiǎo téng" is "my foot hurts"; jiǎozi are dumplings and jiào is "to be called".

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** jiǎo, foot, jiǎozi · **What happens:** mean, be, call · **To what, where:** foot, dumplings, jiào · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «The body» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (jiǎo, foot, jiǎozi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:chinese-street:018-the-body.lesson:12
# text = "jiǎo" (dipping) means foot; "wǒ de jiǎo téng" is "my foot hurts"; jiǎozi are dumplings and jiào is "to be called".
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = chinese-street
# lesson = 018-the-body.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	_
2	jiǎo	jiǎo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
5	dipping	dipping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:appos|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:VerbForm=Ger
6	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	_
11	wǒ	wǒ	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	14	flat:foreign	_	_
12	de	de	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	11	flat	_	_
13	jiǎo	jiǎo	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	11	flat	_	_
14	téng	téng	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
15	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
17	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	_
18	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	hurts	hurt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	appos	_	_
21	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	_
22	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
23	jiǎozi	jiǎozi	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	25	nsubj	_	_
24	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
25	dumplings	dumpling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
27	jiào	jiào	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
28	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux:pass	_	_
29	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	32	punct	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	32	mark	_	_
31	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	conj	_	_
33	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	32	punct	_	_
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | jiǎo | foot |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Topic |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | my foot |  |  |  |  | hurt *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | jiǎozi | dumplings |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **call** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | jiào |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:chinese-street:018-the-body.lesson:12`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

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