--- title: Mum in London and Mom in Texas spell that word their own country's w… — Sounds and letters: how phonics starts · tree and pragmatics description: Mum in London and Mom in Texas spell that word their own country's way; a girl who speaks Arabic at home learns English sounds on top; Grandad in Glasgow, who learned whole words by their shape, can still help by reading stories aloud. Who acts: Mum, girl, Grandad. A sentence of the lesson «Sounds a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/1-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Sounds and letters: how phonics starts](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/1-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts/) / 13 # Sounds and letters: how phonics starts, sentence 13 Mum in London and Mom in Texas spell that word their own country's way; a girl who speaks Arabic at home learns English sounds on top; Grandad in Glasgow, who learned whole words by their shape, can still help by reading stories aloud. **Who acts:** Mum, girl, Grandad · **What happens:** spell, speak, learn, help, read · **To what, where:** word, Arabic, home, English sounds, top, whole words · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Sounds and letters: how phonics starts» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mum, girl, Grandad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:001-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts.lesson:13 # text = Mum in London and Mom in Texas spell that word their own country's way; a girl who speaks Arabic at home learns English sounds on top; Grandad in Glasgow, who learned whole words by their shape, can still help by reading stories aloud. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 001-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Mum mum NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 2 in in ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 3 London London PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=1:cc 5 Mom Mom PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 conj _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 Texas Texas PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 8 spell spell VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 that that DET DT PronType=Dem 10 det _ _ 10 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 11 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ _ 12 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 country country NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nmod:poss _ _ 14 's 's PART POS _ 13 case _ _ 15 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:obl:unmarked 16 ; ; PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 girl girl NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 19 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 20 nsubj _ _ 20 speaks speak VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 acl:relcl _ _ 21 Arabic Arabic PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 22 at at ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 home home NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 24 learns learn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ _ 25 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=26:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 26 sounds sound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 27 on on ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 top top NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 29 ; ; PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 30 Grandad Grandad PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 nsubj _ _ 31 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 Glasgow Glasgow PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 34 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 35 nsubj _ _ 35 learned learn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 acl:relcl _ _ 36 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 obj _ _ 38 by by ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ _ 40 shape shape NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 41 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 42 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ _ 43 still still ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ _ 44 help help VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 parataxis _ _ 45 by by SCONJ IN _ 46 mark _ _ 46 reading read VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 44 advcl _ _ 47 stories story NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 obj _ _ 48 aloud aloud ADV RB _ 46 advmod _ _ 49 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=10:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **spell** | present | Mum in London and Mom in Texas | that word | | | | | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme way=Manner | | 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | a girl | Arabic | | home | | | tree rules | | 3 | **learn** | present | a girl | English sounds | | top | | | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Topic | | 4 | **learn** | past | Grandad in Glasgow | whole words | | | | by Mum's shape | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Topic | | 5 | **help** | can | Grandad in Glasgow | | | | still | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **read** | gerund | Grandad in Glasgow *not said here* | stories | | | | aloud *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:001-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Sounds and letters: how phonics starts, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/1-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts/12/) - next →: [Sounds and letters: how phonics starts, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/1-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/1-sounds-and-letters-how-phonics-starts/)