--- title: Memory tricks, mnemonics, work for the hardest words («Big Elephants… — How to learn spellings that stick · tree and pragmatics description: Memory tricks, mnemonics, work for the hardest words («Big Elephants Can Always Understand Small Elephants» for because); rules work for most of the rest. Who acts: Memory tricks, Big Elephants, rules. A sentence of the lesson «How to learn spellings that stick» of the english course of Mova's prima --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/15-how-to-learn-spellings-that-stick/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [How to learn spellings that stick](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/15-how-to-learn-spellings-that-stick/) / 9 # How to learn spellings that stick, sentence 9 Memory tricks, mnemonics, work for the hardest words («Big Elephants Can Always Understand Small Elephants» for because); rules work for most of the rest. **Who acts:** Memory tricks, Big Elephants, rules · **What happens:** work, understand · **To what, where:** Small Elephants · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «How to learn spellings that stick» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Memory tricks, Big Elephants, rules), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:015-how-to-learn-spellings-that-stick.lesson:9 # text = Memory tricks, mnemonics, work for the hardest words («Big Elephants Can Always Understand Small Elephants» for because); rules work for most of the rest. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 015-how-to-learn-spellings-that-stick.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Memory memory NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 tricks trick NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 4 mnemonics mnemonic NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:appos 5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 6 work work VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 for for ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 hardest hard ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 10 amod _ _ 10 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl _ _ 11 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 17 punct _ _ 12 « « PUNCT `` _ 17 punct _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 13 Big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 Elephants elephant PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=17:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 15 Can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 16 Always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 17 advmod _ _ 17 Understand understand VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 10 parataxis _ _ 18 Small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 Elephants elephant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obj _ _ 20 » » PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 for for ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 because because SCONJ IN _ 19 nmod _ _ 23 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 22 punct _ _ 24 ; ; PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 rules rule NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ _ 26 work work VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 27 for for ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 26 obl _ _ 29 of of ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 rest rest NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nmod _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **work** | present | Memory tricks and mnemonics | | | | | for the hardest words | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for word=Beneficiary | | 2 | **understand** *in a quote* | can | Big Elephants | Small Elephants | | | | always *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer elephant=Stimulus | | 3 | **work** | present | rules | | | | | for most of the rest | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for most=Beneficiary | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:015-how-to-learn-spellings-that-stick.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How to learn spellings that stick, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/15-how-to-learn-spellings-that-stick/7/) - next →: [How to learn spellings that stick, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/15-how-to-learn-spellings-that-stick/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/15-how-to-learn-spellings-that-stick/)