--- title: «The boy who won the race smiled.» Which boy? — Relative clauses · tree and pragmatics description: «The boy who won the race smiled.» Which boy? Who acts: boy. A sentence of the lesson «Relative clauses» of the english course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/30-relative-clauses/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Relative clauses](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/30-relative-clauses/) / 1 # Relative clauses, sentence 1 «The boy who won the race smiled.» Which boy? **Who acts:** boy · **What happens:** win, smile · **To what, where:** race This is a sentence of the lesson «Relative clauses» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:030-relative-clauses.lesson:1 # text = «The boy who won the race smiled.» Which boy? # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 030-relative-clauses.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 « « PUNCT `` _ 8 punct _ _ 2 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 boy boy NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 4 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 5 nsubj _ _ 5 won win VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 race race NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 smiled smile VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ 10 » » PUNCT '' _ 8 punct _ _ 11 Which which DET WDT PronType=Int 12 det _ _ 12 boy boy NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:obl 13 ? ? PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **win** *in a quote* | past | the boy | the race | | | | | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent race=Eventuality | | 2 | **smile** *in a quote* | past | the boy | | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:030-relative-clauses.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Relative clauses, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/30-relative-clauses/0/) - next →: [Relative clauses, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/30-relative-clauses/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/30-relative-clauses/)