--- title: It starts with a relative pronoun: who for people, which for things… — Relative clauses · tree and pragmatics description: It starts with a relative pronoun: who for people, which for things and animals, that for either, whose for belonging, where for places and when for times. Who acts: race. A sentence of the lesson «Relative clauses» of the english course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the prag --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/30-relative-clauses/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Relative clauses](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/30-relative-clauses/) / 4 # Relative clauses, sentence 4 It starts with a relative pronoun: who for people, which for things and animals, that for either, whose for belonging, where for places and when for times. **Who acts:** race · **What happens:** start, belong This is a sentence of the lesson «Relative clauses» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (race), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:030-relative-clauses.lesson:4 # text = It starts with a relative pronoun: who for people, which for things and animals, that for either, whose for belonging, where for places and when for times. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 030-relative-clauses.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 starts start VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 with with ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 relative relative ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 pronoun pronoun NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 8 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 10 nsubj _ _ 9 for for ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 conj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 14 nsubj _ _ 13 for for ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 appos _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 conj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 18 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 10 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=10:conj|HaikuPos=PRON:WDT:PronType=Rel 19 for for SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 20 either either DET DT PronType=Ind 18 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=24:cc:preconj|HaikuPos=CCONJ:CC:_ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 22 whose whose PRON WP$ Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel 24 nmod:poss _ _ 23 for for ADP IN _ 24 case _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=24:mark|HaikuPos=SCONJ:IN:_ 24 belonging belong VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 10 acl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=28:punct 26 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 28 advmod _ _ 27 for for ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 places place NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obl _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 when when ADV WRB PronType=Rel 6 conj _ _ 31 for for ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obl _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **start** | present | race | | | | | with a relative pronoun and people | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with pronoun=Subeventuality | | 2 | **belong** | gerund | | | | | | for places | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:030-relative-clauses.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Relative clauses, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/30-relative-clauses/2/) - next →: [Relative clauses, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/30-relative-clauses/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/30-relative-clauses/)