--- title: "I seen it" is common in speech in many places; the standard forms a… — Tense consistency and verb forms · tree and pragmatics description: "I seen it" is common in speech in many places; the standard forms are "I saw it" or "I have seen it". Who acts: Time words, standard forms. A sentence of the lesson «Tense consistency and verb forms» of the english course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/31-tense-consistency-and-verb-forms/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Tense consistency and verb forms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/31-tense-consistency-and-verb-forms/) / 16 # Tense consistency and verb forms, sentence 16 "I seen it" is common in speech in many places; the standard forms are "I saw it" or "I have seen it". **Who acts:** Time words, standard forms · **What happens:** see, be · **To what, where:** writing, speech · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Tense consistency and verb forms» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Time words, standard forms), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:031-tense-consistency-and-verb-forms.lesson:16 # text = "I seen it" is common in speech in many places; the standard forms are "I saw it" or "I have seen it". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 031-tense-consistency-and-verb-forms.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 3 punct _ _ 2 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 seen see VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 7 csubj _ _ 4 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obj _ _ 5 " " PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=7:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:``:_ 6 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 7 common common ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 speech speech NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 places place NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nmod _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=7:punct 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 standard standard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 forms form NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nsubj _ _ 17 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 cop _ _ 18 " " PUNCT `` _ 20 punct _ _ 19 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 21 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ _ 22 " " PUNCT '' _ 20 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=27:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:``:_ 23 or or CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 24 " " PUNCT `` _ 27 punct _ _ 25 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 26 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 aux _ _ 27 seen see VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 20 conj _ _ 28 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obj _ _ 29 " " PUNCT '' _ 27 punct _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** *in a quote* | participle | Time words such yesterday *= word* | writing | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | | 2 | **is** | present | | | | speech in many places | | common *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the standard forms | | | | | see *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **see** *in a quote* | present · perfect | Time words such yesterday *= word* | writing | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:031-tense-consistency-and-verb-forms.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Tense consistency and verb forms, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/31-tense-consistency-and-verb-forms/15/) - next →: [Tense consistency and verb forms, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/31-tense-consistency-and-verb-forms/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/31-tense-consistency-and-verb-forms/)