--- title: Joining two complete sentences with only a comma is a comma splice;… — Commas: lists, clauses and clarity · tree and pragmatics description: Joining two complete sentences with only a comma is a comma splice; use a full stop, a semicolon, or a joining word like "so" or "but". Who acts: Joining. A sentence of the lesson «Commas: lists, clauses and clarity» of the english course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pra --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/33-commas-lists-clauses-and-clarity/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Commas: lists, clauses and clarity](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/33-commas-lists-clauses-and-clarity/) / 11 # Commas: lists, clauses and clarity, sentence 11 Joining two complete sentences with only a comma is a comma splice; use a full stop, a semicolon, or a joining word like "so" or "but". **Who acts:** Joining · **What happens:** join, be, use · **To what, where:** two complete sentences, comma splice, full stop This is a sentence of the lesson «Commas: lists, clauses and clarity» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joining), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:033-commas-lists-clauses-and-clarity.lesson:11 # text = Joining two complete sentences with only a comma is a comma splice; use a full stop, a semicolon, or a joining word like "so" or "but". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 033-commas-lists-clauses-and-clarity.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Joining join VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 12 csubj _ _ 2 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 4 nummod _ _ 3 complete complete ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 sentences sentence NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 obj _ _ 5 with with ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 only only ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 comma comma NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 9 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 comma comma NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 splice splice NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 14 use use VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 12 parataxis _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 full full ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 stop stop NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 semicolon semicolon NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:conj 21 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 22 or or CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 joining join VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 25 amod _ _ 25 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 parataxis _ _ 26 like like ADP IN _ 28 case _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=28:mark|HaikuPos=SCONJ:IN:_ 27 " " PUNCT `` _ 28 punct _ _ 28 so so ADV RB _ 33 advcl _ _ 29 " " PUNCT '' _ 28 punct _ _ 30 or or CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 31 " " PUNCT `` _ 32 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=33:punct 32 but but CCONJ CC _ 28 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=33:cc 33 " " PUNCT '' _ 25 punct _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **join** | gerund | | two complete sentences | | | | with a comma | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent sentence=Patient with comma=Co-Patient | | 2 | **is a** | present | Joining | a comma splice | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **use** | infinitive | | a full stop and a semicolon | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stop=Patient | | 4 | **join** | gerund | | | | | | | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:033-commas-lists-clauses-and-clarity.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Commas: lists, clauses and clarity, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/33-commas-lists-clauses-and-clarity/10/) - next →: [Commas: lists, clauses and clarity, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/33-commas-lists-clauses-and-clarity/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/33-commas-lists-clauses-and-clarity/)