--- title: Inside the marks, characters talk their own way, dialect and slang i… — Direct speech: inverted commas and new speakers · tree and pragmatics description: Inside the marks, characters talk their own way, dialect and slang included: "'Wee eejit,' said Da" (Belfast for "little idiot", said fondly) is perfectly punctuated, and it shows who Da is better than a description could. Who acts: characters, Wee eejit, it, Da. A sentence of the lesson «Direct spe --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Direct speech: inverted commas and new…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers/) / 4 # Direct speech: inverted commas and new speakers, sentence 4 Inside the marks, characters talk their own way, dialect and slang included: "'Wee eejit,' said Da" (Belfast for "little idiot", said fondly) is perfectly punctuated, and it shows who Da is better than a description could. **Who acts:** characters, Wee eejit, it, Da · **What happens:** talk, include, say, punctuate, show, be · **To what, where:** own way, marks · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Direct speech: inverted commas and new speakers» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (characters, Wee eejit, it, Da), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:035-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers.lesson:4 # text = Inside the marks, characters talk their own way, dialect and slang included: "'Wee eejit,' said Da" (Belfast for "little idiot", said fondly) is perfectly punctuated, and it shows who Da is better than a description could. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 035-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Inside inside ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 marks mark NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 5 characters character NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 6 talk talk VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 8 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 dialect dialect NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 conj _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 slang slang NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:conj 14 included include VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 15 : : PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 16 " " PUNCT `` _ 19 punct _ _ 17 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 19 punct _ _ 18 Wee wee ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 eejit eejit NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 21 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 19 punct _ _ 22 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 23 Da Da PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 24 " " PUNCT '' _ 23 punct _ _ 25 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 26 punct _ _ 26 Belfast belfast NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 appos _ _ 27 for for ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 28 " " PUNCT `` _ 30 punct _ _ 29 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 idiot idiot NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nmod _ _ 31 " " PUNCT '' _ 30 punct _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 33 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 34 fondly fondly ADV RB Degree=Pos 33 advmod _ _ 35 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 33 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=34:punct 36 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 aux:pass _ _ 37 perfectly perfectly ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 38 punctuated punctuate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 33 ccomp _ _ 39 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 40 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 41 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj _ _ 42 shows show VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 conj _ _ 43 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 46 dep _ _ 44 Da Da PROPN NNP Number=Sing 46 nsubj _ _ 45 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 46 cop _ _ 46 better good ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 42 ccomp _ _ 47 than than ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 48 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 49 description description NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=46:obl 50 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 46 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=46:aux 51 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **talk** | present | characters | marks's own way and dialect and slang | | the marks | | | tree rules | | 2 | **include** | past | | | | | | | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | Wee eejit | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Wee eejit *not said here* | | | | | fondly *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **punctuate** | present · passive | | | | | | perfectly *property* | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination» | | 6 | **show** | present | it | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **is** | present | Da | | | | | good *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:035-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Direct speech: inverted commas and new…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers/3/) - next →: [Direct speech: inverted commas and new…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/35-direct-speech-inverted-commas-and-new-speakers/)