--- title: Brackets whisper the extra bit, dashes say it louder and add drama (… — Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons and hyphens · tree and pragmatics description: Brackets whisper the extra bit, dashes say it louder and add drama ("My dog – a spaniel – loves walks"), and an ellipsis of three dots makes the reader wait... or shows that words are missing. Who acts: Brackets, dashes, dog, ellipsis. A sentence of the lesson «Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/36-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/36-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens/) / 1 # Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons and hyphens, sentence 1 Brackets whisper the extra bit, dashes say it louder and add drama ("My dog – a spaniel – loves walks"), and an ellipsis of three dots makes the reader wait... or shows that words are missing. **Who acts:** Brackets, dashes, dog, ellipsis, reader, words · **What happens:** whisper, say, add, love, make, wait · **To what, where:** extra bit, bit, drama, walks, reader · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons and hyphens» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Brackets, dashes, dog, ellipsis), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:036-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens.lesson:1 # text = Brackets whisper the extra bit, dashes say it louder and add drama ("My dog – a spaniel – loves walks"), and an ellipsis of three dots makes the reader wait... or shows that words are missing. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 036-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Brackets bracket NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 whisper whisper VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 extra extra ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 bit bit NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 dashes dash NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 8 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 9 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:nsubj 10 louder loud ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 8 obj _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 add add VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=10:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 13 drama drama NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 14 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 22 punct _ _ 15 " " PUNCT `` _ 22 punct _ _ 16 My my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 dog dog NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 18 – - PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 spaniel spaniel NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 appos _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=17:conj 21 – - PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 loves love VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 parataxis _ _ 23 walks walk NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ _ 24 " " PUNCT '' _ 22 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=23:punct 25 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 22 punct _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 28 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 ellipsis ellipsis NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 30 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 32 nummod _ _ 32 dots dot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nmod _ _ 33 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 reader reader NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 36 wait wait VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 xcomp _ _ 37 ... ... PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=43:punct 38 or or CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 39 shows show VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 conj _ _ 40 that that SCONJ IN _ 43 mark _ _ 41 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 nsubj _ _ 42 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 43 cop _ _ 43 missing missing ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 ccomp _ _ 44 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **whisper** *speech: assert* | present | Brackets | the extra bit | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bit=Topic | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | dashes | bit | | | | | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme loud=Manner | | 3 | **add** *speech: assert* | present | dashes *not said here* | drama | | | | | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drama=Patient | | 4 | **love** *in a quote* | present | My dog | walks | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer walk=Stimulus | | 5 | **make** | present | a ellipsis of three dots | the reader | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **wait** | infinitive | the reader *not said here* | | | | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **show** | present | a ellipsis of three dots *not said here* | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **is** | present | words | | | | | missing *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:036-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons a…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/36-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens/0/) - next →: [Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons a…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/36-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/36-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens/)