---
title: In Australian English "heaps" means lots or very, as in "heaps of da… — Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons and hyphens · tree and pragmatics
description: In Australian English "heaps" means lots or very, as in "heaps of dashes". A sentence of the lesson «Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons and hyphens» of the english course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons and hyphens, sentence 16

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In Australian English "heaps" means lots or very, as in "heaps of dashes".

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**What happens:** mean · **To what, where:** lots

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons and hyphens» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:english:036-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens.lesson:16
# text = In Australian English "heaps" means lots or very, as in "heaps of dashes".
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = english
# lesson = 036-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	Australian	Australian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	_
5	heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=3:punct
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	_
15	heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	appos	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	dashes	dash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
18	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  | lots |  |  |  | in Australian English and heaps | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot lot=Theme in english=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:036-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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