--- title: A hyphen is a short join inside words, and it can change the story:… — Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons and hyphens · tree and pragmatics description: A hyphen is a short join inside words, and it can change the story: a "man-eating shark" eats people, but a "man eating shark" is a man having shark for dinner, as a Cardiff gran might put it, "isn't it, cariad?" ("cariad" is Welsh for love or darling). Who acts: hyphen, eating shark, man, Cardiff g --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/36-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/36-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens/) / 4 # Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons and hyphens, sentence 4 A hyphen is a short join inside words, and it can change the story: a "man-eating shark" eats people, but a "man eating shark" is a man having shark for dinner, as a Cardiff gran might put it, "isn't it, cariad?" ("cariad" is Welsh for love or darling). **Who acts:** hyphen, eating shark, man, Cardiff gran, cariad · **What happens:** be, change, eat, have, put · **To what, where:** short join, words, story, people, shark This is a sentence of the lesson «Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons and hyphens» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hyphen, eating shark, man, Cardiff gran), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:036-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens.lesson:4 # text = A hyphen is a short join inside words, and it can change the story: a "man-eating shark" eats people, but a "man eating shark" is a man having shark for dinner, as a Cardiff gran might put it, "isn't it, cariad?" ("cariad" is Welsh for love or darling). # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 036-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 hyphen hyphen NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 join join NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 7 inside inside ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 11 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 12 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 13 change change VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 parataxis _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 story story NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ _ 16 : : PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 18 " " PUNCT `` _ 22 punct _ _ 19 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 compound _ _ 20 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 19 punct _ _ 21 eating eat VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 22 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 22 shark shark NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 23 " " PUNCT '' _ 22 punct _ _ 24 eats eat VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 parataxis _ _ 25 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 27 but but CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 29 " " PUNCT `` _ 31 punct _ _ 30 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nsubj _ _ 31 eating eat VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 32 amod _ _ 32 shark shark NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nsubj _ _ 33 " " PUNCT '' _ 32 punct _ _ 34 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 aux _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nsubj _ _ 37 having have VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 24 parataxis _ _ 38 shark shark NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obj _ _ 39 for for ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 dinner dinner NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ _ 41 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 42 as as SCONJ IN _ 47 mark _ _ 43 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 44 Cardiff Cardiff PROPN NNP Number=Sing 45 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=45:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 45 gran gran NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 nsubj _ _ 46 might might AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 47 aux _ _ 47 put put VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 37 parataxis _ _ 48 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 47 obj _ _ 49 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 50 " " PUNCT `` _ 51 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=37:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 51 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 47 parataxis _ _ 52 n't not PART RB Polarity=Neg 51 advmod _ _ 53 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 51 nsubj _ _ 54 , , PUNCT , _ 55 punct _ _ 55 cariad cariad NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 vocative _ _ 56 ? ? PUNCT . _ 55 punct _ _ 57 " " PUNCT '' _ 55 punct _ _ 58 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 63 punct _ _ 59 " " PUNCT `` _ 60 punct _ _ 60 cariad cariad NOUN NN Number=Sing 63 nsubj _ _ 61 " " PUNCT '' _ 60 punct _ _ 62 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 63 cop _ _ 63 Welsh welsh ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 parataxis _ _ 64 for for ADP IN _ 65 case _ _ 65 love love NOUN NN Number=Sing 63 obl _ _ 66 or or CCONJ CC _ 67 cc _ _ 67 darling darling NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 conj _ _ 68 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 63 punct _ _ 69 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | a hyphen | a short join | | words | | | tree rules | | 2 | **change** | can | hyphen | the story | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Patient | | 3 | **eat** *in a quote* | gerund | | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **eat** | present | a eating shark | people | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient | | 5 | **eat** *in a quote* | gerund | man | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **have** | present · progressive | a eating shark | shark | | | | for dinner | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shark=Patient | | 7 | **put** | might | a Cardiff gran | shark | | | | cariad *vocative* | tree rules | | 8 | **is** | present | cariad | | | | | for love or darling; welsh *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:036-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons a…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/36-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens/3/) - next →: [Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons a…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/36-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/36-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens/)