--- title: Many teachers use TiPToP to know when to start a new paragraph: a ch… — Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together · tree and pragmatics description: Many teachers use TiPToP to know when to start a new paragraph: a change of Time, Place, Topic or Person; a Year 3 story written as one giant block is like a lunchbox with everything mashed together. Who acts: Many teachers, Year story, Time. A sentence of the lesson «Paragraphs and cohesion: holdin --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a tex…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together/) / 1 # Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together, sentence 1 Many teachers use TiPToP to know when to start a new paragraph: a change of Time, Place, Topic or Person; a Year 3 story written as one giant block is like a lunchbox with everything mashed together. **Who acts:** Many teachers, Year story, Time · **What happens:** use, know, start, write, be, mash · **To what, where:** TiPToP, new paragraph, Year story This is a sentence of the lesson «Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many teachers, Year story, Time), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:037-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together.lesson:1 # text = Many teachers use TiPToP to know when to start a new paragraph: a change of Time, Place, Topic or Person; a Year 3 story written as one giant block is like a lunchbox with everything mashed together. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 037-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 teachers teacher NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 use use VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 TiPToP TiPToP PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 5 to to PART TO _ 6 mark _ _ 6 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 7 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 9 advmod _ _ 8 to to PART TO _ 9 mark _ _ 9 start start VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 xcomp _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 paragraph paragraph NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 13 : : PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 change change NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 appos _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 Time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 Place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=17:conj|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 Topic topic NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=19:conj|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 22 or or CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 Person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=19:conj 24 ; ; PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 26 Year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 27 3 3 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 26 flat _ _ 28 story story NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nsubj _ _ 29 written write VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 28 acl _ _ 30 as as ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 31 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 33 nummod _ _ 32 giant giant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 block block NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 34 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 cop _ _ 35 like like ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 lunchbox lunchbox NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ _ 38 with with ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 everything everything PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Tot 37 nmod _ _ 40 mashed mash VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 39 acl _ _ 41 together together ADV RB _ 40 advmod _ _ 42 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | present | Many teachers | TiPToP | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tiptop=Patient | | 2 | **know** | to-infinitive | Many teachers *not said here* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 3 | **start** | to-infinitive | Many teachers *not said here* | a new paragraph | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paragraph=Eventuality | | 4 | **write** | participle | | a Year story *not said here* | | | | as one giant block | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as block=Attribute | | 5 | **is** | present | a Year story | | | | | like a lunchbox; with everything | tree rules | | 6 | **mash** | participle | | | | | | together *property* | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 7 | **change** | | Time and Place and Topic or Person | | | | | | nom change «event intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:037-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a tex…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together/0/) - next →: [Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a tex…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together/)