--- title: "Then... then... then..." is weak glue: it only says "next" and soon… — Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together · tree and pragmatics description: "Then... then... then..." is weak glue: it only says "next" and soon sounds like a shopping list; "After lunch", "Suddenly" or "By the time we got home" also tell the reader when and how. Who acts: glue, we, reader. A sentence of the lesson «Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together» of the e --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a tex…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together/) / 3 # Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together, sentence 3 "Then... then... then..." is weak glue: it only says "next" and soon sounds like a shopping list; "After lunch", "Suddenly" or "By the time we got home" also tell the reader when and how. **Who acts:** glue, we, reader · **What happens:** be, say, sound, get, tell · **To what, where:** weak glue, next, time · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a text together» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (glue, we, reader), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:037-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together.lesson:3 # text = "Then... then... then..." is weak glue: it only says "next" and soon sounds like a shopping list; "After lunch", "Suddenly" or "By the time we got home" also tell the reader when and how. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 037-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ _ 2 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 11 advmod _ _ 3 ... ... PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 4 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 6 advmod _ _ 5 ... ... PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 6 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 11 advmod _ _ 7 ... ... PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 8 " " PUNCT '' _ 6 punct _ _ 9 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 cop _ _ 10 weak weak ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 glue glue NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 12 : : PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 13 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 14 only only ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 15 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=11:acl:relcl 16 " " PUNCT `` _ 17 punct _ _ 17 next next ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=15:ccomp 18 " " PUNCT '' _ 17 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 20 soon soon ADV RB Degree=Pos 21 advmod _ _ 21 sounds sound VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:conj 22 like like ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 shopping shopping NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound _ _ 25 list list NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 26 ; ; PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 27 " " PUNCT `` _ 29 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=11:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 28 After after ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 lunch lunch NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 30 " " PUNCT '' _ 29 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=11:punct 31 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 32 " " PUNCT `` _ 33 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=45:punct 33 Suddenly suddenly ADV RB _ 45 advmod _ _ 34 " " PUNCT '' _ 33 punct _ _ 35 or or CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 36 " " PUNCT `` _ 45 punct _ _ 37 By by ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obl _ _ 40 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 41 got get VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 39 acl:relcl _ _ 42 home home ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 43 " " PUNCT '' _ 39 punct _ _ 44 also also ADV RB _ 45 advmod _ _ 45 tell tell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 conj _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 reader reader NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obj _ _ 48 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 45 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=50:advmod 49 and and CCONJ CC _ 50 cc _ _ 50 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 48 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=45:ccomp 51 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: evaluate - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: changed act=evaluate, polarity=neg, voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | | weak glue | | | after lunch; then; then | | tree rules | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | glue | next | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent next=Topic | | 3 | **sound** | present | glue *not said here* | | | | | like a shopping list; soon *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | | 4 | **get** *in a quote* | past | we | the time *not said here* | | | | home *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer time=Stimulus | | 5 | **tell** *speech: assert* | infinitive | the reader | | | | time | suddenly *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:037-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a tex…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together/2/) - next →: [Paragraphs and cohesion: holding a tex…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/37-paragraphs-and-cohesion-holding-a-text-together/)