---
title: Crossing out and rewriting are a normal part of writing, not a sign… — Editing and redrafting · tree and pragmatics
description: Crossing out and rewriting are a normal part of writing, not a sign of failure. A sentence of the lesson «Editing and redrafting» of the english course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Editing and redrafting, sentence 9

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Crossing out and rewriting are a normal part of writing, not a sign of failure.

<!-- .vintro -->
**What happens:** cross out, rewrite, be, sign · **To what, where:** normal part, failure

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Editing and redrafting» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:english:043-editing-and-redrafting.lesson:9
# text = Crossing out and rewriting are a normal part of writing, not a sign of failure.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = english
# lesson = 043-editing-and-redrafting.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2
1	Crossing	cross	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	nsubj	_	_
2	out	out	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=1:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	rewriting	rewrite	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	normal	normal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:conj
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	failure	failure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cross out** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **rewrite** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present |  | a normal part |  |  |  | of writing | tree rules |
| 4 | **sign** |  |  | failure |  |  |  |  | nom sign «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:043-editing-and-redrafting.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Editing and redrafting, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/43-editing-and-redrafting/8/)
- next →: [Editing and redrafting, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/43-editing-and-redrafting/10/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/43-editing-and-redrafting/)