--- title: Speaking loudly and clearly enough for the back row matters more tha… — Spoken language: presenting and show-and-tell · tree and pragmatics description: Speaking loudly and clearly enough for the back row matters more than fancy words; this is called projecting your voice. Who acts: Speaking. A sentence of the lesson «Spoken language: presenting and show-and-tell» of the english course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragma --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/48-spoken-language-presenting-and-show-and-tell/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Spoken language: presenting and show-a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/48-spoken-language-presenting-and-show-and-tell/) / 8 # Spoken language: presenting and show-and-tell, sentence 8 Speaking loudly and clearly enough for the back row matters more than fancy words; this is called projecting your voice. **Who acts:** Speaking · **What happens:** speak, matter, call, project · **To what, where:** this, voice · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Spoken language: presenting and show-and-tell» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Speaking), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:048-spoken-language-presenting-and-show-and-tell.lesson:8 # text = Speaking loudly and clearly enough for the back row matters more than fancy words; this is called projecting your voice. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 048-spoken-language-presenting-and-show-and-tell.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Speaking speak VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 10 csubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=10:nsubj 2 loudly loudly ADV RB _ 1 advmod _ _ 3 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=2:cc 4 clearly clearly ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 enough enough ADV RB _ 2 conj _ _ 6 for for ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 back back NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 9 row row NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 10 matters matter VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 11 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 10 advmod _ _ 12 than than ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 fancy fancy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:obl 15 ; ; PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 16 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 18 nsubj:pass _ _ 17 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux:pass _ _ 18 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 parataxis _ _ 19 projecting project VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 18 xcomp _ _ 20 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ _ 22 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | gerund | | | | | | loudly *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **matter** | present | Speaking | | | | | for the back row | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus | | 3 | **call** | present · passive | | this | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **project** | gerund | | your voice | | | | | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent voice=Value | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:048-spoken-language-presenting-and-show-and-tell.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Spoken language: presenting and show-a…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/48-spoken-language-presenting-and-show-and-tell/7/) - next →: [Spoken language: presenting and show-a…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/48-spoken-language-presenting-and-show-and-tell/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/48-spoken-language-presenting-and-show-and-tell/)