---
title: Taking turns makes a discussion fair; interrupting stops people bein… — Debating and discussion · tree and pragmatics
description: Taking turns makes a discussion fair; interrupting stops people being heard. Who acts: Taking, interrupting. A sentence of the lesson «Debating and discussion» of the english course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Debating and discussion, sentence 11

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Taking turns makes a discussion fair; interrupting stops people being heard.

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**Who acts:** Taking, interrupting · **What happens:** take, make, interrupt, stop, hear · **To what, where:** turns, discussion, people

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Debating and discussion» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Taking, interrupting), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:english:049-debating-and-discussion.lesson:11
# text = Taking turns makes a discussion fair; interrupting stops people being heard.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = english
# lesson = 049-debating-and-discussion.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Taking	take	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	csubj	_	_
2	turns	turn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	discussion	discussion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	interrupting	interrupt	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	csubj	_	_
9	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | gerund |  | turns |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turn=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | present | Taking | a discussion |  |  |  | fair *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset discussion=Product |
| 3 | **interrupt** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **stop** | present | interrupting | people |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality people=Eventuality |
| 5 | **hear** | gerund · passive |  | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus» |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:049-debating-and-discussion.lesson:11`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Debating and discussion, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/49-debating-and-discussion/10/)
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