--- title: A pencil held in a fist like a dagger is driven by the big muscles o… — Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up · tree and pragmatics description: A pencil held in a fist like a dagger is driven by the big muscles of the arm, so it wobbles and the hand tires after one line. Who acts: big muscles, pencil, hand. A sentence of the lesson «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the english course of Mova's primary school with its depen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Handwriting: holding the pencil and jo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/) / 0 # Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up, sentence 0 A pencil held in a fist like a dagger is driven by the big muscles of the arm, so it wobbles and the hand tires after one line. **Who acts:** big muscles, pencil, hand · **What happens:** hold, drive, wobble, tire · **To what, where:** pencil, fist This is a sentence of the lesson «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (big muscles, pencil, hand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson:0 # text = A pencil held in a fist like a dagger is driven by the big muscles of the arm, so it wobbles and the hand tires after one line. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 pencil pencil NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 held hold VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 acl _ _ 4 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 fist fist NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 like like ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 dagger dagger NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 10 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux:pass _ _ 11 driven drive VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 12 by by ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 14 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 muscles muscle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obl _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 arm arm NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 20 so so ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 21 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 wobbles wobble VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=22:cc 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 26 tires tire VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 27 after after ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 29 nummod _ _ 29 line line NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hold** | participle | | a pencil *not said here* | | a fist like a dagger | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in fist=Location | | 2 | **drive** | present · passive | the big muscles of the arm | a pencil | | | after one line | | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme subject=Trajectory | | 3 | **wobble** | present | pencil | | | | | | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **tire** | present | hand | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Vowel teams, split digraphs and choosi…, 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/4-vowel-teams-split-digraphs-and-choosing-the-spelling/26/) - next →: [Handwriting: holding the pencil and jo…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/)