--- title: Tall parts of letters (b, d, h) are ascenders; tails below the line… — Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up · tree and pragmatics description: Tall parts of letters (b, d, h) are ascenders; tails below the line (g, p, y) are descenders; the line letters sit on is the baseline. Who acts: Tall parts, tails, line letters. A sentence of the lesson «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the english course of Mova's primary school w --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Handwriting: holding the pencil and jo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/) / 18 # Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up, sentence 18 Tall parts of letters (b, d, h) are ascenders; tails below the line (g, p, y) are descenders; the line letters sit on is the baseline. **Who acts:** Tall parts, tails, line letters · **What happens:** be, sit on · **To what, where:** ascenders, descenders, baseline This is a sentence of the lesson «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tall parts, tails, line letters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson:18 # text = Tall parts of letters (b, d, h) are ascenders; tails below the line (g, p, y) are descenders; the line letters sit on is the baseline. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Tall tall ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 parts part NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 letters letter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ _ 5 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 6 punct _ _ 6 b B NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 appos _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 8 d D NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 conj _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 h H NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 conj _ _ 11 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 6 punct _ _ 12 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 cop _ _ 13 ascenders ascender NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 15 tails tail NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 16 below below ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 line line NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 19 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 20 punct _ _ 20 g G NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 appos _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 p p NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 conj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 24 y y NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 conj _ _ 25 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 20 punct _ _ 26 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 cop _ _ 27 descenders descender NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=13:conj 28 ; ; PUNCT : _ 13 punct _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 30 line line NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 compound _ _ 31 letters letter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 nsubj _ _ 32 sit sit VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 acl:relcl _ _ 33 on on ADP IN _ 32 compound:prt _ _ 34 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 cop _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 baseline baseline NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 parataxis _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Tall parts of letters | ascenders | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **is a** | present | tails below the line | descenders | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **sit on** | present | the line letters *not said here* | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is a** | present | the line letters | the baseline | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Handwriting: holding the pencil and jo…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/17/) - next →: [Handwriting: holding the pencil and jo…, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/19/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/)