--- title: Isla starts her «d» at the bottom and pushes up; her teacher says «s… — Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up · tree and pragmatics description: Isla starts her «d» at the bottom and pushes up; her teacher says «start at the top». Who acts: Isla, teacher. A sentence of the lesson «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the english course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Handwriting: holding the pencil and jo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/) / 4 # Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up, sentence 4 Isla starts her «d» at the bottom and pushes up; her teacher says «start at the top». **Who acts:** Isla, teacher · **What happens:** start, push up, say · **To what, where:** d, bottom, top · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Isla, teacher), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson:4 # text = Isla starts her «d» at the bottom and pushes up; her teacher says «start at the top». # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Isla Isla PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 starts start VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:nmod:poss 4 « « PUNCT `` _ 5 punct _ _ 5 d d X GW _ 2 obj _ _ 6 » » PUNCT '' _ 5 punct _ _ 7 at at ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 bottom bottom NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 pushes push VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 12 up up ADP RP _ 11 compound:prt _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 14 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 teacher teacher NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 16 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 17 « « PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ _ 18 start start VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 ccomp _ _ 19 at at ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 top top NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 22 » » PUNCT '' _ 18 punct _ _ 23 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=narrate | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **start** | present | Isla | Isla's d | | the bottom | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent d=Eventuality | | 2 | **push up** | present | Isla *not said here* | | | | | | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Isla's teacher | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **start** *in a quote* | infinitive | | | | the top | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Handwriting: holding the pencil and jo…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/3/) - next →: [Handwriting: holding the pencil and jo…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/)