--- title: Small ones like a, c, e sit between the lines; tall ones like b, d,… — Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up · tree and pragmatics description: Small ones like a, c, e sit between the lines; tall ones like b, d, h reach up (ascenders); tails like g, p, y hang below the line (descenders). Who acts: e, h, y. A sentence of the lesson «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the english course of Mova's primary school with its depend --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Handwriting: holding the pencil and jo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/) / 8 # Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up, sentence 8 Small ones like a, c, e sit between the lines; tall ones like b, d, h reach up (ascenders); tails like g, p, y hang below the line (descenders). **Who acts:** e, h, y · **What happens:** sit, reach up, hang · **To what, where:** lines, tails, line This is a sentence of the lesson «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (e, h, y), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson:8 # text = Small ones like a, c, e sit between the lines; tall ones like b, d, h reach up (ascenders); tails like g, p, y hang below the line (descenders). # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 Small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 ones one NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 3 like like ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 6 c c NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 8 e e NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 9 sit sit VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 10 between between ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 lines line NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 tall tall ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 ones one NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 16 like like ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 b B NOUN NN Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 d D NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 h H NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 22 reach reach VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 parataxis _ _ 23 up up ADP RP _ 22 compound:prt _ _ 24 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 25 punct _ _ 25 ascenders ascender NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 parataxis _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:conj 26 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 25 punct _ _ 27 ; ; PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 28 tails tail NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 29 like like ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 g G NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nmod _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 32 p p NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 conj _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 34 y y NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ _ 35 hang hang VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 acl _ _ 36 below below ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 line line NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 39 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 40 punct _ _ 40 descenders descender NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 appos _ _ 41 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 40 punct _ _ 42 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sit** | present | e | | | the lines | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent between line=Location | | 2 | **reach up** | infinitive | h | | | | | | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **hang** | present | y | tails like g and p *not said here* | | the line | | | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent tail=Theme below line=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Handwriting: holding the pencil and jo…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/7/) - next →: [Handwriting: holding the pencil and jo…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/)