--- title: A lipogram is writing that leaves out one letter on purpose; leaving… — Olympiad: riddles, lipograms and hidden words · tree and pragmatics description: A lipogram is writing that leaves out one letter on purpose; leaving out "e", the commonest letter in English, is the hardest classic challenge. Who acts: lipogram, writing. A sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: riddles, lipograms and hidden words» of the english course of Mova's primary school with i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/57-olympiad-riddles-lipograms-and-hidden-words/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Olympiad: riddles, lipograms and hidde…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/57-olympiad-riddles-lipograms-and-hidden-words/) / 3 # Olympiad: riddles, lipograms and hidden words, sentence 3 A lipogram is writing that leaves out one letter on purpose; leaving out "e", the commonest letter in English, is the hardest classic challenge. **Who acts:** lipogram, writing · **What happens:** be, leave out · **To what, where:** writing, one letter, purpose, e, hardest classic challenge This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: riddles, lipograms and hidden words» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lipogram, writing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:057-olympiad-riddles-lipograms-and-hidden-words.lesson:3 # text = A lipogram is writing that leaves out one letter on purpose; leaving out "e", the commonest letter in English, is the hardest classic challenge. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 057-olympiad-riddles-lipograms-and-hidden-words.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:det 2 lipogram lipogram NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:compound 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 writing writing NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 5 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 6 nsubj _ _ 6 leaves leave VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 acl:relcl _ _ 7 out out ADP RP _ 6 compound:prt _ _ 8 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 9 nummod _ _ 9 letter letter NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 10 on on ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 purpose purpose NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 13 leaving leave VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 advcl _ _ 14 out out ADP RP _ 13 compound:prt _ _ 15 " " PUNCT `` _ 16 punct _ _ 16 e e NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=13:xcomp 17 " " PUNCT '' _ 16 punct _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 commonest common ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 21 amod _ _ 21 letter letter NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ _ 22 in in ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 25 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 27 hardest hard ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 29 amod _ _ 28 classic classic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 challenge challenge NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=29:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | a lipogram | writing | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **leave out** | present | writing | one letter | | purpose | | | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Theme | | 3 | **leave out** | gerund | writing *not said here* | e | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **is a** | present | writing | the hardest classic challenge | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:057-olympiad-riddles-lipograms-and-hidden-words.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Olympiad: riddles, lipograms and hidde…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/57-olympiad-riddles-lipograms-and-hidden-words/2/) - next →: [Olympiad: riddles, lipograms and hidde…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/57-olympiad-riddles-lipograms-and-hidden-words/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/57-olympiad-riddles-lipograms-and-hidden-words/)