--- title: Look for repeated bits: if kapa is house and kapakapa is houses, the… — Olympiad: Breakthrough puzzles in made-up langua… · tree and pragmatics description: Look for repeated bits: if kapa is house and kapakapa is houses, then saying a word twice makes a plural, so sela (tree) gives selasela (trees). Who acts: you, kapa, sela. A sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: Breakthrough puzzles in made-up languages» of the english course of Mova's primary school wi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/58-olympiad-breakthrough-puzzles-in-made-up-languages/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Olympiad: Breakthrough puzzles in made…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/58-olympiad-breakthrough-puzzles-in-made-up-languages/) / 2 # Olympiad: Breakthrough puzzles in made-up languages, sentence 2 Look for repeated bits: if kapa is house and kapakapa is houses, then saying a word twice makes a plural, so sela (tree) gives selasela (trees). **Who acts:** you, kapa, sela · **What happens:** look, repeat, be, say, make, give · **To what, where:** house, house houses, word, plural, selasela · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: Breakthrough puzzles in made-up languages» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, kapa, sela), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:058-olympiad-breakthrough-puzzles-in-made-up-languages.lesson:2 # text = Look for repeated bits: if kapa is house and kapakapa is houses, then saying a word twice makes a plural, so sela (tree) gives selasela (trees). # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 058-olympiad-breakthrough-puzzles-in-made-up-languages.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Look look VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 for for ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 repeated repeat VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 amod _ _ 4 bits bit NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 obl _ _ 5 : : PUNCT : _ 13 punct _ _ 6 if if SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 7 kapa kapa NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:compound 8 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 9 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 kapakapa kapakapa NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 conj _ _ 12 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 cop _ _ 13 houses house NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 obl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 16 advmod _ _ 16 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 1 advcl _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:nsubj 19 twice twice ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 16 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:advmod 20 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 ccomp _ _ 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 plural plural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=20:xcomp 23 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 24 so so ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 25 sela sela X FW Foreign=Yes 29 nsubj _ _ 26 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 27 punct _ _ 27 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 appos _ _ 28 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 27 punct _ _ 29 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 parataxis _ _ 30 selasela selasela NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=29:obj|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 31 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 32 punct _ _ 32 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 parataxis _ _ 33 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 32 punct _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **look** | imperative | you *not said here* | | | | | for repeated bits | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for bit=Theme | | 2 | **repeat** | participle | | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 3 | **is a** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | kapa | house and kapakapa | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **is a** | present | | house houses | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | you *not said here* | a word | | | then | twice *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **make** | present | | a plural | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset plural=Product | | 7 | **give** | present | sela | selasela | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent selasela=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:058-olympiad-breakthrough-puzzles-in-made-up-languages.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Olympiad: Breakthrough puzzles in made…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/58-olympiad-breakthrough-puzzles-in-made-up-languages/1/) - next →: [Olympiad: Breakthrough puzzles in made…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/58-olympiad-breakthrough-puzzles-in-made-up-languages/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/58-olympiad-breakthrough-puzzles-in-made-up-languages/)