--- title: Japanese syllables almost always end in a vowel (or "n"), so borrowe… — Olympiad: real languages and codes · tree and pragmatics description: Japanese syllables almost always end in a vowel (or "n"), so borrowed words get extra vowels: "terebi" (television), "aisukurīmu" (ice cream). Who acts: Japanese syllables, borrowed words. A sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: real languages and codes» of the english course of Mova's primary school wi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/59-olympiad-real-languages-and-codes/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Olympiad: real languages and codes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/59-olympiad-real-languages-and-codes/) / 13 # Olympiad: real languages and codes, sentence 13 Japanese syllables almost always end in a vowel (or "n"), so borrowed words get extra vowels: "terebi" (television), "aisukurīmu" (ice cream). **Who acts:** Japanese syllables, borrowed words · **What happens:** end, borrow, get · **To what, where:** vowel, extra vowels This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: real languages and codes» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Japanese syllables, borrowed words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:059-olympiad-real-languages-and-codes.lesson:13 # text = Japanese syllables almost always end in a vowel (or "n"), so borrowed words get extra vowels: "terebi" (television), "aisukurīmu" (ice cream). # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 059-olympiad-real-languages-and-codes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Japanese Japanese ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 syllables syllable NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 3 almost almost ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 5 advmod _ _ 5 end end VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 vowel vowel NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 9 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 12 punct _ _ 10 or or CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 " " PUNCT `` _ 12 punct _ _ 12 n n NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:appos|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 13 " " PUNCT '' _ 12 punct _ _ 14 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 12 punct _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 so so ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 17 borrowed borrow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 18 amod _ _ 18 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nsubj _ _ 19 get get VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 20 extra extra ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 vowels vowel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj _ _ 22 : : PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 23 " " PUNCT `` _ 24 punct _ _ 24 terebi terebi X FW Foreign=Yes 21 conj _ _ 25 " " PUNCT '' _ 24 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=19:punct 26 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 27 punct _ _ 27 television television NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 appos _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=19:parataxis 28 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 27 punct _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 " " PUNCT `` _ 31 punct _ _ 31 aisukurīmu aisukurīmu X FW Foreign=Yes 19 dep _ _ 32 " " PUNCT '' _ 31 punct _ _ 33 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 35 punct _ _ 34 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 compound _ _ 35 cream cream NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 flat _ _ 36 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 35 punct _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=19:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **end** | present | Japanese syllables | | | a vowel or n | | always *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 2 | **borrow** | participle | | | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **get** | present | borrowed words | extra vowels | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer vowel=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:059-olympiad-real-languages-and-codes.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Olympiad: real languages and codes, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/59-olympiad-real-languages-and-codes/12/) - next →: [Olympiad: real languages and codes, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/59-olympiad-real-languages-and-codes/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/59-olympiad-real-languages-and-codes/)