---
title: Clues in a text, like crumbs on a jumper, can show that a character… — Olympiad: tricky comprehension · tree and pragmatics
description: Clues in a text, like crumbs on a jumper, can show that a character is not telling the truth. Who acts: Clues, character. A sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: tricky comprehension» of the english course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Olympiad: tricky comprehension, sentence 10

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Clues in a text, like crumbs on a jumper, can show that a character is not telling the truth.

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**Who acts:** Clues, character · **What happens:** show, not tell · **To what, where:** truth · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: tricky comprehension» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Clues, character), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:english:060-olympiad-tricky-comprehension.lesson:10
# text = Clues in a text, like crumbs on a jumper, can show that a character is not telling the truth.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = english
# lesson = 060-olympiad-tricky-comprehension.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Clues	clue	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	jumper	jumper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
12	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
14	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	telling	tell	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	ccomp	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | can | Clues in a text like crumbs on a jumper |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **tell** *speech: assert* | present · progressive | a character | the truth |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:060-olympiad-tricky-comprehension.lesson:10`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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