--- title: Words ending in c add a k to keep the hard sound: panic, panicking;… — Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e · tree and pragmatics description: Words ending in c add a k to keep the hard sound: panic, panicking; picnic, picnicked. Who acts: Words. A sentence of the lesson «Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e» of the english course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/7-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/) / [Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and drop…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/7-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e/) / 13 # Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e, sentence 13 Words ending in c add a k to keep the hard sound: panic, panicking; picnic, picnicked. **Who acts:** Words · **What happens:** end, add, keep, panic, picnic · **To what, where:** c, k, hard sound This is a sentence of the lesson «Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:english:007-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e.lesson:13 # text = Words ending in c add a k to keep the hard sound: panic, panicking; picnic, picnicked. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = english # lesson = 007-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 2 ending end VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 1 acl _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 c c NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:obl|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 5 add add VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 k k NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 to to PART TO _ 9 mark _ _ 9 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:xcomp 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 sound sound NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 13 : : PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 14 panic panic NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 appos _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:conj 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 panicking panic VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:advcl 17 ; ; PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 18 picnic picnic NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:obj 19 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 picnicked picnic VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:parataxis 21 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **end** | gerund | Words *not said here* | | | c | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 2 | **add** *speech: assert* | infinitive | Words | a k | | | | | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent k=Patient | | 3 | **keep** | to-infinitive | Words *not said here* | the hard sound | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Theme | | 4 | **panic** | gerund | Words *not said here* | | | | | | vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **picnic** | past | Words *not said here* | | | | | | vn dine-39.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:007-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and drop…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/7-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e/12/) - next →: [Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and drop…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/7-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/7-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e/)