---
title: Spelling also differs by country: British «travelled», American «tra… — Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e · tree and pragmatics
description: Spelling also differs by country: British «travelled», American «traveled»; both are right at home. Who acts: Spelling, both. A sentence of the lesson «Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e» of the english course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e, sentence 16

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Spelling also differs by country: British «travelled», American «traveled»; both are right at home.

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**Who acts:** Spelling, both · **What happens:** differ, travel, be · **To what, where:** home

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Spelling, both), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:english:007-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e.lesson:16
# text = Spelling also differs by country: British «travelled», American «traveled»; both are right at home.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = english
# lesson = 007-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	also	also	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	differs	differ	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
9	travelled	travel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=9:punct
12	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	_
14	traveled	travel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
17	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	21	nsubj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=21:nsubj|HaikuPos=PRON:DT:PronType=Tot
18	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
19	right	right	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
20	at	at	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **differ** | present | Spelling |  |  |  |  | by country | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **travel** *in a quote* | past | Spelling *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **travel** *in a quote* | past | Spelling *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | present | both |  |  | home |  | right *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:007-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and drop…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/7-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e/14/)
- next →: [Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and drop…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/7-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e/18/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/7-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e/)