---
title: A suffix is a few letters added to the end of a word that change its… — Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness, -ment · tree and pragmatics
description: A suffix is a few letters added to the end of a word that change its job or meaning. Who acts: suffix, word. A sentence of the lesson «Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness, -ment» of the english course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness, -ment, sentence 0

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A suffix is a few letters added to the end of a word that change its job or meaning.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** suffix, word · **What happens:** be, add, change, job · **To what, where:** few letters, job

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness, -ment» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (suffix, word), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:english:009-suffixes-ous-ly-ful-less-ness-ment.lesson:0
# text = A suffix is a few letters added to the end of a word that change its job or meaning.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = english
# lesson = 009-suffixes-ous-ly-ful-less-ness-ment.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	suffix	suffix	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	added	add	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	change	change	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=15:nmod
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a suffix | a few letters |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **add** *speech: assert* | participle |  | a few letters *not said here* |  |  | to the end of a word |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient to end=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **change** | present | a word | suffix's job or meaning |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Patient |
| 4 | **job** |  | suffix |  |  |  |  |  | nom job «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:009-suffixes-ous-ly-ful-less-ness-ment.lesson:0`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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