---
title: Each suffix has its own spelling, and it stays the same. — Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness, -ment · tree and pragmatics
description: Each suffix has its own spelling, and it stays the same. Who acts: suffix. A sentence of the lesson «Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness, -ment» of the english course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness, -ment, sentence 2

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Each suffix has its own spelling, and it stays the same.

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**Who acts:** suffix · **What happens:** have, stay, spell · **To what, where:** own spelling

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness, -ment» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (suffix), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:english:009-suffixes-ous-ly-ful-less-ness-ment.lesson:2
# text = Each suffix has its own spelling, and it stays the same.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = english
# lesson = 009-suffixes-ous-ly-ful-less-ness-ment.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	suffix	suffix	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	stays	stay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | each suffix | suffix's own spelling |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spelling=Patient |
| 2 | **stay** | present | suffix |  |  |  |  | same *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **spell** |  | suffix |  |  |  |  |  | nom spelling «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:english:009-suffixes-ous-ly-ful-less-ness-ment.lesson:2`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/9-suffixes-ous-ly-ful-less-ness-ment/1/)
- next →: [Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/9-suffixes-ous-ly-ful-less-ness-ment/5/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/9-suffixes-ous-ly-ful-less-ness-ment/)