---
title: "Up the duff" means pregnant (British slang, rather rude). — Soft words for hard things: pregnancy and birth · tree and pragmatics
description: "Up the duff" means pregnant (British slang, rather rude). Who acts: duff. A sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: pregnancy and birth» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Soft words for hard things: pregnancy and birth, sentence 5

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"Up the duff" means pregnant (British slang, rather rude).

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**Who acts:** duff · **What happens:** mean

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: pregnancy and birth» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (duff), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:euphemisms:011-pregnancy-and-birth.lesson:5
# text = "Up the duff" means pregnant (British slang, rather rude).
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = euphemisms
# lesson = 011-pregnancy-and-birth.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	_
2	Up	up	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	duff	duff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	pregnant	pregnant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	_
9	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	slang	slang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:parataxis
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	rather	rather	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | the duff |  |  |  |  | pregnant *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:011-pregnancy-and-birth.lesson:5`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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