--- title: "Rascal" means a mischievous, naughty child, said fondly. — Soft words for hard things: children's behaviour… · tree and pragmatics description: "Rascal" means a mischievous, naughty child, said fondly. Who acts: Rascal, mischievous naughty child. A sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: children's behaviour and school reports and teachers» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragma --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/15-behaviour-and-school-reports/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Euphemisms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/) / [Soft words for hard things: children's…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/15-behaviour-and-school-reports/) / 15 # Soft words for hard things: children's behaviour and school reports and teachers, sentence 15 "Rascal" means a mischievous, naughty child, said fondly. **Who acts:** Rascal, mischievous naughty child · **What happens:** mean, say · **To what, where:** mischievous naughty child · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: children's behaviour and school reports and teachers» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rascal, mischievous naughty child), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:euphemisms:015-behaviour-and-school-reports.lesson:15 # text = "Rascal" means a mischievous, naughty child, said fondly. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = euphemisms # lesson = 015-behaviour-and-school-reports.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ _ 2 Rascal rascal PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 3 " " PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 4 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 6 mischievous mischievous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 8 naughty naughty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 child child NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 acl:relcl _ _ 12 fondly fondly ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 13 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=4:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed form=decl, act=assert, voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | Rascal | a mischievous naughty child | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Topic | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | a mischievous naughty child *not said here* | | | | | fondly *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:015-behaviour-and-school-reports.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Soft words for hard things: children's…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/15-behaviour-and-school-reports/14/) - next →: [Soft words for hard things: children's…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/15-behaviour-and-school-reports/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/15-behaviour-and-school-reports/)