---
title: "A challenging class" means a badly behaved class. — Soft words for hard things: school reports and t… · tree and pragmatics
description: "A challenging class" means a badly behaved class. Who acts: challenging class. A sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: school reports and teachers» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Soft words for hard things: school reports and teachers, sentence 21

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"A challenging class" means a badly behaved class.

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**Who acts:** challenging class · **What happens:** mean, behave · **To what, where:** behaved class

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: school reports and teachers» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (challenging class), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:euphemisms:016-school-reports.lesson:21
# text = "A challenging class" means a badly behaved class.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = euphemisms
# lesson = 016-school-reports.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	_
2	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	challenging	challenging	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
9	behaved	behave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | a challenging class | a behaved class |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent class=Topic |
| 2 | **behave** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | badly *property* | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:016-school-reports.lesson:21`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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