---
title: "Left a present" is a joking way to say a pet left droppings or a de… — Soft words for hard things: animals and pets and… · tree and pragmatics
description: "Left a present" is a joking way to say a pet left droppings or a dead animal. Who acts: pet. A sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: animals and pets and money and poverty» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Soft words for hard things: animals and pets and money and poverty, sentence 9

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Left a present" is a joking way to say a pet left droppings or a dead animal.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** pet · **What happens:** leave, joke, be, say · **To what, where:** present, joking way, droppings · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: animals and pets and money and poverty» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:euphemisms:018-pets-and-money.lesson:9
# text = "Left a present" is a joking way to say a pet left droppings or a dead animal.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = euphemisms
# lesson = 018-pets-and-money.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	_
2	Left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	nsubj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	present	present	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	joking	joke	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	amod	_	_
9	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	acl	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	pet	pet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	ccomp	_	_
15	droppings	dropping	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=2:punct
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert, voice=narrator

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** *in a quote* | past |  | a present |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent present=Theme |
| 2 | **joke** *speech: other* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | present |  | a joking way |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **leave** | past | pet | a droppings or a dead animal |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dropping=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:018-pets-and-money.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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