--- title: Gangsters in films use slang such as "whacked" or "sleeping with the… — Soft words for hard things: death and dying · tree and pragmatics description: Gangsters in films use slang such as "whacked" or "sleeping with the fishes" to talk about murder without saying the word. Who acts: Gangsters, word. A sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: death and dying» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/2-death-official-and-slang/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Euphemisms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/) / [Soft words for hard things: death and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/2-death-official-and-slang/) / 2 # Soft words for hard things: death and dying, sentence 2 Gangsters in films use slang such as "whacked" or "sleeping with the fishes" to talk about murder without saying the word. **Who acts:** Gangsters, word · **What happens:** use, whack, sleep, talk, say · **To what, where:** slang · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: death and dying» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gangsters, word), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:euphemisms:002-death-official-and-slang.lesson:2 # text = Gangsters in films use slang such as "whacked" or "sleeping with the fishes" to talk about murder without saying the word. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = euphemisms # lesson = 002-death-official-and-slang.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Gangsters gangster NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 2 in in ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 3 films film NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 nmod _ _ 4 use use VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 slang slang NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 6 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 7 as as SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 8 " " PUNCT `` _ 9 punct _ _ 9 whacked whack VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:advcl 10 " " PUNCT '' _ 9 punct _ _ 11 or or CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 12 " " PUNCT `` _ 13 punct _ _ 13 sleeping sleep VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 9 conj _ _ 14 with with ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 fishes fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obl _ _ 17 " " PUNCT '' _ 13 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=9:punct 18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark _ _ 19 talk talk VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:advcl 20 about about ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 murder murder NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 22 without without SCONJ IN _ 23 mark _ _ 23 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 19 advcl _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | present | Gangsters in films | slang | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slang=Patient | | 2 | **whack** *in a quote* | participle | | | | | | | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **sleep** *in a quote* | gerund | | | | | | with the fishes | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **talk** | to-infinitive | Gangsters in films *not said here* | | | | | about murder | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about murder=Topic | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the word | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:002-death-official-and-slang.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Soft words for hard things: death and…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/2-death-official-and-slang/1/) - next →: [Soft words for hard things: death and…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/2-death-official-and-slang/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/2-death-official-and-slang/)