--- title: Every country also has its own jokey words: an English person "poppe… — Soft words for hard things: death and dying · tree and pragmatics description: Every country also has its own jokey words: an English person "popped his clogs", an Australian "carked it", an American "cashed in his chips". Who acts: country, English person, Australian, American. A sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: death and dying» of the euphemisms course of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/2-death-official-and-slang/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Euphemisms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/) / [Soft words for hard things: death and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/2-death-official-and-slang/) / 3 # Soft words for hard things: death and dying, sentence 3 Every country also has its own jokey words: an English person "popped his clogs", an Australian "carked it", an American "cashed in his chips". **Who acts:** country, English person, Australian, American · **What happens:** have, pop, cark, cash in, word · **To what, where:** own jokey words, clogs, country, chips This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: death and dying» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (country, English person, Australian, American), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:euphemisms:002-death-official-and-slang.lesson:3 # text = Every country also has its own jokey words: an English person "popped his clogs", an Australian "carked it", an American "cashed in his chips". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = euphemisms # lesson = 002-death-official-and-slang.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×6, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Every every DET DT PronType=Tot 2 det _ _ 2 country country NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 also also ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 6 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 7 jokey jokey ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 9 : : PUNCT : _ 4 punct _ _ 10 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 English English ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 13 " " PUNCT `` _ 14 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=12:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 14 popped pop VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 15 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ _ 16 clogs clog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 17 " " PUNCT '' _ 14 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=16:punct 18 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 19 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:det 20 Australian Australian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:parataxis 21 " " PUNCT `` _ 22 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=20:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 22 carked cark VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 23 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ _ 24 " " PUNCT '' _ 22 punct _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=27:punct 26 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 American American ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=29:compound 28 " " PUNCT `` _ 29 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=27:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 29 cashed cash VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 22 advcl _ _ 30 in in ADP RP _ 29 compound:prt _ _ 31 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ _ 32 chips chips NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 33 " " PUNCT '' _ 29 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=32:punct 34 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | every country | country's own jokey words | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient | | 2 | **pop** *in a quote* | past | a English person | person's clogs | | | | | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clog=Patient | | 3 | **cark** *in a quote* | past | a Australian | country | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **cash in** *in a quote* | participle | a American | person's chips | | | | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **word** | | country | | | | | | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:002-death-official-and-slang.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×6, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Soft words for hard things: death and…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/2-death-official-and-slang/2/) - next →: [Soft words for hard things: death and…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/2-death-official-and-slang/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/2-death-official-and-slang/)