---
title: "Loved one", in the speech of funeral companies, means the dead pers… — Soft words for hard things: death and dying · tree and pragmatics
description: "Loved one", in the speech of funeral companies, means the dead person. A sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: death and dying» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Soft words for hard things: death and dying, sentence 5

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"Loved one", in the speech of funeral companies, means the dead person.

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**What happens:** love, mean, speak · **To what, where:** dead person, funeral companies · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: death and dying» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:euphemisms:002-death-official-and-slang.lesson:5
# text = "Loved one", in the speech of funeral companies, means the dead person.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = euphemisms
# lesson = 002-death-official-and-slang.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	_
2	Loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	nsubj	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	companies	company	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **love** *in a quote* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  | the dead person |  |  |  | in the speech of funeral companies | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot person=Theme in speech=Attribute |
| 3 | **speak** |  |  | funeral companies |  |  |  |  | nom speech «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:002-death-official-and-slang.lesson:5`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Soft words for hard things: death and…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/2-death-official-and-slang/4/)
- next →: [Soft words for hard things: death and…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/2-death-official-and-slang/6/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/2-death-official-and-slang/)