---
title: "Subprime borrower" means a borrower with a bad credit history: a re… — Soft words for hard things: money and poverty an… · tree and pragmatics
description: "Subprime borrower" means a borrower with a bad credit history: a record of not paying back borrowed money on time. Who acts: Subprime borrower, record. A sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: money and poverty and work, firing and the economy» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primar
---

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# Soft words for hard things: money and poverty and work, firing and the economy, sentence 8

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"Subprime borrower" means a borrower with a bad credit history: a record of not paying back borrowed money on time.

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**Who acts:** Subprime borrower, record · **What happens:** mean, not pay back, borrow · **To what, where:** borrower, borrowed money

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: money and poverty and work, firing and the economy» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Subprime borrower, record), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:euphemisms:020-debt-and-jobs.lesson:8
# text = "Subprime borrower" means a borrower with a bad credit history: a record of not paying back borrowed money on time.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = euphemisms
# lesson = 020-debt-and-jobs.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	_
2	Subprime	Subprime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=3:compound|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing
3	borrower	borrower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	borrower	borrower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	credit	credit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	record	record	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
16	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
18	paying	pay	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	acl	_	_
19	back	back	ADV	RB	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
20	borrowed	borrow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	amod	_	_
21	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
22	on	on	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Subprime borrower | a borrower |  |  |  | with a bad credit history | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent borrower=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **pay back** | gerund | a record *not said here* | borrowed money |  |  | time |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Asset |
| 3 | **borrow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:020-debt-and-jobs.lesson:8`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Soft words for hard things: money and…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/20-debt-and-jobs/7/)
- next →: [Soft words for hard things: money and…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/20-debt-and-jobs/9/)
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