--- title: "Economic slowdown" means a recession or something close to one; a r… — Soft words for hard things: work, firing and the… · tree and pragmatics description: "Economic slowdown" means a recession or something close to one; a recession is a time when a country's businesses make and sell less, and many people lose their jobs. Who acts: Economic slowdown, recession, businesses, many people. A sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: work, firing --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/21-work-firing-and-the-economy/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Euphemisms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/) / [Soft words for hard things: work, firi…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/21-work-firing-and-the-economy/) / 18 # Soft words for hard things: work, firing and the economy, sentence 18 "Economic slowdown" means a recession or something close to one; a recession is a time when a country's businesses make and sell less, and many people lose their jobs. **Who acts:** Economic slowdown, recession, businesses, many people, people · **What happens:** mean, be, make, sell, lose, job · **To what, where:** recession, time, jobs This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: work, firing and the economy» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Economic slowdown, recession, businesses, many people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:euphemisms:021-work-firing-and-the-economy.lesson:18 # text = "Economic slowdown" means a recession or something close to one; a recession is a time when a country's businesses make and sell less, and many people lose their jobs. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = euphemisms # lesson = 021-work-firing-and-the-economy.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 3 punct _ _ 2 Economic economic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 slowdown slowdown NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 4 " " PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ 5 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 recession recession NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 or or CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 something something PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 7 conj _ _ 10 close close ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 11 to to ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 10 obl _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 recession recession NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 16 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 cop _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:ccomp 19 when when ADV WRB PronType=Rel 24 advmod _ _ 20 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 country country NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod:poss _ _ 22 's 's PART POS _ 21 case _ _ 23 businesses business NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 24 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 acl:relcl _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 sell sell VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=24:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 27 less less ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 26 advmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=26:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RBR:Degree=Cmp 28 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 30 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 nsubj _ _ 32 lose lose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:conj 33 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ _ 34 jobs job NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obj _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | Economic slowdown | a recession | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent recession=Topic | | 2 | **is a** | present | a recession | a time | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **make** | infinitive | a country's businesses | | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | | 4 | **sell** | present | a country's businesses *not said here* | | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **lose** | present | many people | people's jobs | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality | | 6 | **job** | | people | | | | | | nom job «act intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:021-work-firing-and-the-economy.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Soft words for hard things: work, firi…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/21-work-firing-and-the-economy/17/) - next →: [Soft words for hard things: work, firi…, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/21-work-firing-and-the-economy/19/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/21-work-firing-and-the-economy/)