--- title: In politics, someone caught saying something false may say they "mis… — Soft words for hard things: business and adverti… · tree and pragmatics description: In politics, someone caught saying something false may say they "misspoke", and a new tax can be called "revenue enhancement". Who acts: someone, Programmers. A sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: business and advertising and politics and government spin» of the euphemisms course of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/23-fees-bugs-and-spin/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Euphemisms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/) / [Soft words for hard things: business a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/23-fees-bugs-and-spin/) / 3 # Soft words for hard things: business and advertising and politics and government spin, sentence 3 In politics, someone caught saying something false may say they "misspoke", and a new tax can be called "revenue enhancement". **Who acts:** someone, Programmers · **What happens:** catch, say, misspeak, call · **To what, where:** something, politics, new tax · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: business and advertising and politics and government spin» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (someone, Programmers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:euphemisms:023-fees-bugs-and-spin.lesson:3 # text = In politics, someone caught saying something false may say they "misspoke", and a new tax can be called "revenue enhancement". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = euphemisms # lesson = 023-fees-bugs-and-spin.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 politics politics NOUN NNS Number=Ptan 10 obl _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 4 someone someone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 10 nsubj _ _ 5 caught catch VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 acl _ _ 6 saying say VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 5 xcomp _ _ 7 something something PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 6 obj _ _ 8 false false ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 9 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 10 say say VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 11 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 12 " " PUNCT `` _ 13 punct _ _ 13 misspoke misspeak VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 ccomp _ _ 14 " " PUNCT '' _ 13 punct _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 tax tax NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj:pass _ _ 20 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 21 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 22 aux:pass _ _ 22 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 conj _ _ 23 " " PUNCT `` _ 25 punct _ _ 24 revenue revenue NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound _ _ 25 enhancement enhancement NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 xcomp _ _ 26 " " PUNCT '' _ 25 punct _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **catch** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | | something | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent something=Topic | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | may | someone | | | politics | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **misspeak** *in a quote* | past | Programmers *= programmer* | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **call** | can · passive | | a new tax | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:023-fees-bugs-and-spin.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Soft words for hard things: business a…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/23-fees-bugs-and-spin/2/) - next →: [Soft words for hard things: business a…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/23-fees-bugs-and-spin/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/23-fees-bugs-and-spin/)