---
title: "Investment" in a politician's mouth often just means government spe… — Soft words for hard things: politics and governm… · tree and pragmatics
description: "Investment" in a politician's mouth often just means government spending. Who acts: Investment. A sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin, sentence 15

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"Investment" in a politician's mouth often just means government spending.

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**Who acts:** Investment · **What happens:** mean · **To what, where:** government spending

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Investment), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:euphemisms:024-government-spin.lesson:15
# text = "Investment" in a politician's mouth often just means government spending.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = euphemisms
# lesson = 024-government-spin.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	_
2	Investment	investment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:det
6	politician	politician	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:obl
9	often	often	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	just	just	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	spending	spending	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Investment in a politician's mouth | government spending |  |  |  | often *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spending=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:024-government-spin.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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