---
title: "Pre-need arrangements" is American funeral-business jargon for payi… — Soft words for hard things: death and dying, ill… · tree and pragmatics
description: "Pre-need arrangements" is American funeral-business jargon for paying for your own funeral in advance. Who acts: Pre-need arrangements, American business jargon. A sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: death and dying, illness and the body» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary s
---

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# Soft words for hard things: death and dying, illness and the body, sentence 13

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"Pre-need arrangements" is American funeral-business jargon for paying for your own funeral in advance.

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**Who acts:** Pre-need arrangements, American business jargon · **What happens:** be, pay · **To what, where:** American business jargon, advance

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: death and dying, illness and the body» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pre-need arrangements, American business jargon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:euphemisms:003-death-and-feeling-poorly.lesson:13
# text = "Pre-need arrangements" is American funeral-business jargon for paying for your own funeral in advance.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = euphemisms
# lesson = 003-death-and-feeling-poorly.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	_
2	Pre-need	pre-need	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	arrangements	arrangement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
6	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
7	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	_
9	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	jargon	jargon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	paying	pay	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
15	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	advance	advance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Pre-need arrangements | American business jargon |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pay** | gerund | American business jargon *not said here* |  |  | advance |  | for your own funeral | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for funeral=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:003-death-and-feeling-poorly.lesson:13`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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