--- title: A good reader asks: who is speaking, and are they being kind, polite… — Soft words for hard things: drinking and drugs a… · tree and pragmatics description: A good reader asks: who is speaking, and are they being kind, polite, joking, or hiding something? Who acts: good reader, words. A sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: drinking and drugs and religion and fate» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/31-drinking-drugs-religion-fate/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Euphemisms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/) / [Soft words for hard things: drinking a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/31-drinking-drugs-religion-fate/) / 4 # Soft words for hard things: drinking and drugs and religion and fate, sentence 4 A good reader asks: who is speaking, and are they being kind, polite, joking, or hiding something? **Who acts:** good reader, words · **What happens:** ask, speak, be, joke, hide · **To what, where:** something · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: drinking and drugs and religion and fate» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (good reader, words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:euphemisms:031-drinking-drugs-religion-fate.lesson:4 # text = A good reader asks: who is speaking, and are they being kind, polite, joking, or hiding something? # source = school lesson (ours) # course = euphemisms # lesson = 031-drinking-drugs-religion-fate.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R2-punct-next ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 reader reader NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 asks ask VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 : : PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 6 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 7 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 8 speaking speak VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 conj _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=8:cc 11 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 12 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 13 being be AUX VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 cop _ _ 14 kind kind ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 conj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=14:punct 16 polite polite ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 conj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 18 joking joke VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 conj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 or or CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 hiding hide VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 conj _ _ 22 something something PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 21 obj _ _ 23 ? ? PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | present | a good reader | | | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · progressive | | | | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is** | present · progressive | words *= word* | | | | | kind *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **be** | | words *= word* *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **joke** *speech: other* | gerund | words *= word* *not said here* | | | | | | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **hide** | gerund | words *= word* *not said here* | something | | | | | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:031-drinking-drugs-religion-fate.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R2-punct-next ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Soft words for hard things: drinking a…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/31-drinking-drugs-religion-fate/3/) - next →: [Soft words for hard things: drinking a…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/31-drinking-drugs-religion-fate/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/31-drinking-drugs-religion-fate/)